So what are the functional components of “semantic
web?” We know it can provide us personalized recommendations for what we want
to find. This can be seen in many companies such as Google and Amazon who are
already applying it to their services.
Before seeing more examples, I would
like to suggest looking at which “technology/concept” is supporting semantic
web, because it is important for us to understand how semantic web works.
Of course not all of the technology can be
covered in one blog post. In this post, let’s focus on the subject of “ontology,”
which is a kind of dictionary of languages for the semantic/web 3.0 world.
Tom Grubber calls ontology:
“a specification of a conceptualization.”
It is a description (like a formal
specification of a program) of the concepts and relationships that can exist
for an agent or a community of agents. This definition is consistent with the
usage of ontology as a set-of-concept-definitions, but more general. And it is
certainly a different sense of the word than its use in philosophy.[1]
According to Arvidsson and Flycht-Eriksson,
an ontology provides a shared vocabulary, which can be used to model a domain,
that is, the types of objects and/or concepts that exist, and their properties
and relations. With ontology languages, including DSML+OIL, OWL, and Ontolingun,
ontology realizes an accurate search and navigation for knowledge sharing by
linking integrated information. Fore example, Facebook is able to offer its
genius Graph Search due to web ontology which integrates scattered information
and then sorts out valuable information for users through reasoning.
Search engines based on ontology is great
in terms of suitability. However, there are limitations or challenges. First,
semantic relations depend on the definitions between words we use in searching.
The clearer and more detailed the words are defined, the more coherent and
suitable results we can get. Second, we need to consider ambiguity of words.
To conclude, ontology is a tool to
interpret and analyze metadata at least to some extent in semantic web. If it
continues to improve as it has done, it will provide the exact information you
need. This developing technology could eventually enable a company like Google
to narrow down search results with greater relevancy.
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